[Clang] Fix build with GCC 14 on ARM

[Clang] Fix build with GCC 14 on ARM

Origin: backport, https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/78704/commits/078c18de832328f743fb6e
Bug-Debian: https://bugs.debian.org/1077068
Forwarded: not-needed
Last-Update: 2024-08-29

Backport to LLVM 17 of a patch by Nikita Popov <npopov@redhat.com> merged in
the upstream main branch. The patch fixes a build issue on arm64 with GCC 14.
The additional changes to the for loop in ClangAttrEmitter.cpp have been taken
from the main branch and are needed for the HasArgs boolean.

Gbp-Pq: Name arm64-clang-gcc-14.patch